Isithinteli sokuqhushumba

I-Blowout Preventer (BOP), sisixhobo sokhuseleko esifakwe phezulu kwisixhobo sokugaya ukulawula uxinzelelo lwentloko kunye nokuthintela ukuvuthela, ukuqhuma, kunye nezinye izinto ezinobungozi ngexesha lokugaya i-oyile kunye negesi kunye nokuveliswa. I-BOP idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuqinisekiseni ukhuseleko lwabasebenzi kunye nezixhobo ezibandakanyekayo kule misebenzi.

Ngexesha lokomba ioyile kunye nerhasi, isithinteli sokuvuthela sifakwe kwintloko yequla elilawulayo ukulawula uxinzelelo oluphezulu lweoyile, irhasi, kunye nokuphuma kwamanzi. Xa uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi lwe-oyile kunye negesi equleni luphezulu, isithinteli sokuvuthela sinokuvala ngokukhawuleza i-wellhead ukukhusela i-oyile kunye negesi ukuba ingaphumi. Xa udaka lokomba olunzima lumpontshelwa kumbhobho wokomba, ivalve yesango lokuthintela ukuvuthuza inenkqubo yokudlula ukuvumela ukususwa kodaka olungenelwe yigesi, ukwandisa intsika yolwelo equleni ukucinezela i-oyile yoxinzelelo oluphezulu kunye nokuvuthela kwerhasi.

Izithinteli zokuvuthela zineendidi ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanywa izithinteli zokuvuthela okusemgangathweni, izithinteli zokuvuthela kwe-annular, kunye nezithinteli ezijikelezayo zokuvuthela. Abathinteli be-Anular blowout banokuthi basebenze kwiimeko ezingxamisekileyo ukuze balawule ubungakanani obahlukeneyo bezixhobo zokugaya kunye namaqula angenanto. Izithinteli zokuvuthela ezijikelezayo zivumela ukubhola kunye nokuvuthela ngaxeshanye. Kwimingxuma enzulu yokomba, izithinteli ezimbini ezisemgangathweni zokuvuthela zisoloko zisetyenziswa, kunye nesithinteli sokuvuthela kwe-annular kunye nesithinteli esijikelezayo sokuvuthela, ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko olusentloko.

I-annular blowout preventer ibonisa isango elikhulu elinokuthi litywine ngokuzimeleyo iqula xa kukho intambo ye-drill, kodwa inenani elilinganiselwe lokusetyenziswa kwaye ayifanelekanga ukuvalwa kwexesha elide.

Ngenxa yobunzima kunye nokungaqiniseki okuguquguqukayo ekubunjweni, umsebenzi ngamnye wokugaya unomngcipheko wokuqhushumba. Njengezona zixhobo zibalulekileyo zokulawula umthombo, izithinteli zokuvuthela kufuneka zisebenze ngokukhawuleza kwaye zivale ngexesha likaxakeka elifana nokungena, ukukhaba, kunye nokuvuthela. Ukuba isithinteli sokuvuthela asiphumeleli, kunokukhokelela kwiingozi ezimandundu.

Ke ngoko, uyilo olululo lwezithinteli zokuvuthela lubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuqhubela phambili okugudileyo kwemisebenzi yokomba kunye nokhuseleko lwabasebenzi.