I-enamel

I-enameli,njengomhlobiso wexesha elide kunye nezinto ezikhuselayo, zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwimveliso yezoshishino kunye nobomi bemihla ngemihla.Akuyona nje into enhle kwaye ihlala ixesha elide, kodwa inozinzo oluhle lweekhemikhali kunye nokumelana nokubola.Ngokombono wemveliso yoshishino, inkqubo yokuvelisa i-enamel yinkqubo enzima edibanisa isayensi yezinto, ubunjineli beekhemikhali, kunye neteknoloji yokucubungula kakuhle, ebandakanya ukukhethwa kwezinto eziluhlaza, ukulungiswa, ukugubungela kunye nokudubula.

1. Inkcazo kunye nokubunjwa kwe-enamel

I-enamel yimathiriyeli edityanisiweyo eyenziwe ngokunyibilikisa imathiriyeli yeglasi engaphiliyo kwimatrix yesinyithi kwaye iyitshise kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu.Amacandelo aphambili abandakanya i-glaze (i-silicate, i-borate, njl.), i-colorants, i-fluxes, kunye ne-reinforcing agents.Phakathi kwabo, i-glaze isisiseko sokwenza i-enamel layer, emisela iimpawu ezibonakalayo kunye neekhemikhali ze-enamel;Imibala isetyenziselwa ukuxuba imibala;I-Flux inceda ukuhamba kwe-glaze ngexesha lenkqubo yokudubula, iqinisekisa i-glaze surface;I-Enhancers iphucula amandla omatshini kunye nokunamathela kwengubo.

2. Ukulungiswa kwemathiriyeli ekrwada

Isinyathelo sokuqala kwimveliso ye-enamel kukukhethwa kunye nokuphathwa kwangaphambili kwezinto ezibonakalayo.I-substrate yensimbi ngokuqhelekileyo yenziwe ngentsimbi, insimbi, i-aluminium, njl., kunye nezinto ezifanelekileyo kunye nobukhulu kufuneka zikhethwe ngokweemfuno zesicelo.Ukulungiswa kwe-glaze kubandakanya ukuxuba izinto ezahlukeneyo eziluhlaza ngokulinganayo, ukuzigaya kwinqanaba elithile lokucoca, ukuqinisekisa ukufana kunye nomgangatho wengubo yokugqibela.Ngeli nqanaba, uvavanyo oluqinileyo lwezinto eziluhlaza lufunekayo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba akukho kungcola, ukuze ungachaphazeli umgangatho kunye nokusebenza kwe-enamel layer.

3. Unyango lomphezulu

Ngaphambi kokugquma, i-substrate yesinyithi kufuneka icocwe kwaye iphathwe umphezulu ukususa igrisi, ulusu lwe-oxide kunye nezinye izinto ezingcolisayo.Iindlela eziqhelekileyo ziquka ukuhlamba, ukuhlamba i-asidi, i-phosphating, njl. Eli nyathelo libalulekile ekuphuculeni amandla okudibanisa phakathi kwe-enamel layer kunye ne-metal substrate.

4. Inkqubo enamelling

Inkqubo yokwaleka inokwahlulwa ibe ngamacandelo amabini: indlela eyomileyo kunye nendlela emanzi.Iindlela ezomileyo ikakhulu ziquka ukutshiza komgubo we-electrostatic kunye nokuntywiliselwa kwebhedi yokuntywiliselwa ukutyabeka, ezilungele imveliso enkulu ezenzekelayo, inokulawula ngokufanelekileyo ukutyeba kokutyabeka, kwaye ihambelana nokusingqongileyo.Indlela emanzi ibandakanya ukwambathisa umqulu, idiphu yokwaleka, kunye nokwaleka kokutshiza, ezifaneleke ngakumbi iimilo ezintsonkothileyo kunye nokuveliswa kwebhetshi encinci, kodwa ziqhelene nokungcoliseka kwendalo kunye neengxaki zokwaleka ezingalinganiyo.

5. Ukutshisa

Imveliso edibeneyo idinga ukutshiswa kwiqondo lokushisa eliphezulu, eliyinyathelo eliphambili ekwenzeni umgangatho ophezulu we-enamel layer.Ubushushu bokudubula ngokuqhelekileyo buphakathi kwe-800 ° C kunye ne-900 ° C, ngokuxhomekeke kwifomula ye-glaze kunye nohlobo lwe-substrate.Ngethuba lokudubula, i-glaze iyancibilika kwaye igubungele ngokulinganayo indawo yesinyithi.Emva kokupholisa, yenza i-enamel layer eqinile kwaye igudileyo.Le nkqubo ikwafuna ulawulo olungqongqo lwesantya sokufudumeza, ixesha lokugquma, kunye nesantya sokupholisa ukuthintela ukwenzeka kweziphene ezifana nokuqhekeka kunye namaqamza.

6. Ukuhlolwa komgangatho kunye nasemva kokulungiswa

Emva kokudubula, iimveliso ze-enamel kufuneka zihlolwe ngokungqongqo umgangatho, kubandakanywa nokuhlolwa kwembonakalo, ukuvavanywa kokumelana nokubola, ukuvavanywa kwamandla omatshini, njl. Iimveliso ezingafanelekanga zifuna ukulungiswa okanye ukuchithwa.Ukongeza, kuxhomekeke kusetyenziso olucetywayo lwemveliso, amanyathelo angaphezulu afana nokuhlanganisa kunye nokupakishwa kunokufuneka.

7. Indawo yesicelo

I-enamel isetyenziswe ngokubanzi kwiinkalo ezininzi ngenxa yokusebenza kwayo kakuhle.Kwimizi-mveliso yezixhobo zasekhaya, ezifana nee-oveni, oomatshini bokuhlamba, izifudumezi zamanzi, njl.njl., i-enamel liner ayinqweneleki kuphela kwaye ilula ukuyicoca, kodwa iyakwazi ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu kunye nokugqwala.Kwimihlobiso yezakhiwo, iipleyiti zensimbi ze-enamel ziqhele ukusetyenziswa kwiindonga zangaphandle, iitonela, izitishi ze-subway, njl.Ukongeza, izixhobo zonyango, izixhobo zeekhemikhali kunye nezinye iindawo zisebenzisa kakhulu iimveliso ze-enamel, zithatha ithuba lokuzinza kwazo kakuhle iikhemikhali kunye neempawu ezilula zokubulala iintsholongwane.

Ukuqukumbela

Ngokubanzi, ukuveliswa kweshishini le-enamel yinkqubo enzima edibanisa ubuchule bendabuko kunye nobuchwepheshe bale mihla.Iimveliso zayo ezigqityiweyo azibonakalisi kuphela ukudibanisa okugqibeleleyo kwe-aesthetics kunye nokusebenza, kodwa kubonisa kwakhona inkqubela yesayensi yezinto eziphathekayo kunye neteknoloji yokuvelisa.Ngophuhliso oluqhubekayo lwetekhnoloji, iimveliso ze-enamel zihambela kwicala elinobungani nokusingqongileyo, ngokufanelekileyo, kunye nesikhokelo esinemisebenzi emininzi, ngokuqhubekayo ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zemimandla eyahlukeneyo.

Nawuphi na umbuzo ngokuCasa, ukuQinisa okanye ukuMachining iinxalenye, nceda uzive ukhululekile ukuqhagamshelana nathi nangaliphi na ixesha.

Annie Wong:  welongwq@welongpost.com

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