Welding Residual Stress

Uxinzelelo olushiyekileyo lwe-Welding lubhekisa kuxinzelelo lwangaphakathi oluveliswe kwizakhiwo ezidityanisiweyo ngenxa yokunyanzeliswa kwe-thermal deformation ngexesha lenkqubo ye-welding. Ngokukodwa, ngexesha lokunyibilika, ukuqina, kunye nokupholisa i-shrinkage yentsimbi ye-weld, uxinzelelo olubalulekileyo lwe-thermal luyenziwa ngenxa yeengxaki, okwenza kube yinto ephambili yoxinzelelo olushiyekileyo. Ngokwahlukileyo, uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi oluvela kwiinguqu kwisakhiwo se-metallographic ngexesha lokupholisa licandelo lesibini loxinzelelo olushiyekileyo. Ubukhulu bobungqongqo besakhiwo kunye nokuphakama kweqondo lokunyanzeliswa, ngakumbi uxinzelelo olushiyekileyo, kwaye ngenxa yoko, kubaluleke kakhulu impembelelo yalo kumthamo wokuthwala umthwalo wesakhiwo. Eli nqaku lixubusha ikakhulu impembelelo ye-welding yoxinzelelo olushiyekileyo kwizakhiwo.

Impembelelo ye-Welding Residual Stress kuLwakhiwo okanye kwiMicimbi

Uxinzelelo olushiyekileyo lwe-Welding luxinzelelo lokuqala olukhoyo kwi-cross-section yecandelo nangaphambi kokuba ithwale nayiphi na imithwalo yangaphandle. Ngethuba lobomi benkonzo yecandelo, ezi zixinzelelo eziseleyo zidibanisa kunye noxinzelelo olusebenzayo olubangelwa yimithwalo yangaphandle, ekhokelela kwi-deformation yesibini kunye nokwabiwa kwakhona koxinzelelo oluseleyo. Oku akunciphisi kuphela ukuqina kunye nokuzinza kwesakhiwo kodwa kwakhona, phantsi kweempembelelo ezidibeneyo zokushisa kunye nokusingqongileyo, kuchaphazela kakhulu amandla okudinwa kwesakhiwo, ukuxhathisa i-brittle fracture, ukumelana noxinzelelo lwe-corrosion cracking, kunye nokushisa okuphezulu kwe-creep cracking.

Impembelelo ekuQiniseni kweZakhiwo

Xa uxinzelelo oludityanisiweyo olusuka kwimithwalo yangaphandle kunye noxinzelelo olushiyekileyo kwindawo ethile yesakhiwo lufikelela kwinqanaba lesivuno, izinto ezikuloo ndawo ziya kungena kwi-deformation yeplastiki yendawo kwaye ilahlekelwe ukukwazi ukuthwala imithwalo eyongezelelweyo, kubangela ukunciphisa kwi-cross-sectional esebenzayo. indawo kwaye, ngenxa yoko, ukuqina kwesakhiwo. Ngokomzekelo, kwizakhiwo ezine-welds ze-longitudinal kunye neziguquguqukayo (ezifana ne-rib plate welds kwi-I-beams), okanye ezo ziye zafumana ukulungiswa komlilo, uxinzelelo olubalulekileyo lwe-tensile lunokuveliswa kumacandelo amakhulu. Nangona uluhlu lokusasazwa kolu xinzelelo kubude becandelo lusenokungabi luninzi, impembelelo yabo ekuqina isenokuba nkulu. Ngokukodwa kwimiqadi edibeneyo ephantsi kokulungiswa komlilo obanzi, kunokubakho ukuhla okubonakalayo kokuqina ngexesha lokulayisha kunye nokunciphisa ukuphindaphinda ngexesha lokuthuthwa, elingenako ukuhoywa kwizakhiwo ezineemfuno eziphezulu zokuchaneka kwe-dimensional kunye nokuzinza.

Impembelelo kuMandla oMthwalo ongatshintshiyo

Kwizinto ezinqabileyo, ezingenakho ukuguqulwa kweplastiki, uxinzelelo ngaphakathi kwecandelo alikwazi ukusabalalisa ngokulinganayo njengoko amandla angaphandle akhula. Uxinzelelo oluphezulu luya kuqhubeka nokunyuka de lufikelele kumda wesivuno sezinto eziphathekayo, okubangela ukungaphumeleli kwendawo kwaye ekugqibeleni kukhokelela ekuqhekekeni kwecandelo lonke. Ubukho boxinzelelo olushiyekileyo kwizinto ezinqabileyo zinciphisa amandla abo okuthwala umthwalo, okukhokelela ekuqhekekeni. Kwizinto ze-ductile, ubukho be-triaxial tensile residual stress kwiindawo eziphantsi kweqondo lokushisa kunokuthintela ukwenzeka kwe-deformation yeplastiki, ngaloo ndlela kunciphisa kakhulu umthamo wokuthwala umthwalo wecandelo.

Ukuqukumbela, i-welding i-residual stress inefuthe elibalulekileyo ekusebenzeni kwezakhiwo. Uyilo olunengqiqo kunye nolawulo lwenkqubo lunokunciphisa uxinzelelo olushiyekileyo, ngaloo ndlela luphucula ukuthembeka kunye nokuqina kwezakhiwo ezidibeneyo.